Zealand map. Map of New Zealand in Russian. Features of the location of New Zealand

NEW ZEALAND

General information

Geographical position. New Zealand is a country in the South Pacific Ocean southeast of Australia. Located on two large islands - North and South - and several small ones. New Zealand is a mountainous country: more than 200 peaks above 2,280 m. Among them are three active volcanoes: Mount Ruapehu, Mount Ngauruhou and Mount Taranaki.

Square. The territory of New Zealand occupies 270,534 square meters. km.

Main cities, administrative divisions. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington. Largest cities: Auckland (945 thousand people), Wellington (327 thousand people), Christchurch (313 thousand people), Hamilton (152 thousand people), Dunedin (110 thousand people). Administrative division of the country: 92 counties.

Political system

New Zealand is part of the Commonwealth. The head of state is the Queen of Great Britain, represented by the Governor General. The head of government is the prime minister. Legislative body-parliament (House of Representatives).

Relief. Most of the country is occupied by hills and mountains (the highest point is Mount Cook on the South Island, 3,764 m, eternal snow and glaciers). On the North Island there is a volcanic plateau (active volcanoes, geysers, frequent earthquakes).

Geological structure and minerals. The country's subsoil contains reserves of natural gas, iron ore, hard and brown coal, lead, copper, and gold.

Climate. The climate is subtropical, maritime, and temperate in the extreme south. Average July temperatures are +12°C in the north, +5°C in the south, January +19°C in the north, +14°C in the south. The annual precipitation rate in the west is 2,000-5,000 mm, in the east 400-700 mm. Snow only happens in the mountains.

Inland waters. The rivers of New Zealand originate in the mountains, are deep and navigable. The largest river is the Waikato (354 km) on the North Island, navigable for 100 km. There are many lakes of volcanic, tectonic and glacial origin. Lake Taupo (area 612 sq. km) on the North Island is the largest in the Pacific Ocean.

Soils and vegetation. The plains of the South Island and part of the North Island are covered with tassek, a type of steppe vegetation. In the mountains there are forests of southern beech, on the North Island there are subtropical forests.

Animal world. The fauna of the islands is very unique. Some groups of animals (ungulates, predators, etc.) are absent here. More than 90% of New Zealand's birds are endemic. Many rare flightless birds - kiwi, kakapo parrot; The rarest takahe bird is found. And the oldest vertebrate on Earth, the tua-tara, or hatteria, living in New Zealand, existed even before the appearance of mammoths.

Population and language

The country's population is about 3.625 million people, the average population density is about 13 people per 1 sq. km. Almost 75% of the population lives in the North Island. Ethnic groups: Europeans (mostly British) - 88%, Maori (Polynesians whose ancestors migrated to New Zealand in the 14th century) - 9%, other Polynesians. Languages: English, Maori (both official).

Religion

Anglicans - 24%, Presbyterians - 18%, Catholics - 15%; Most Maori are members of the Ratana and Ringatu Christian sects.

Brief historical sketch

In 1642, New Zealand was discovered by the Dutch navigator A. Tasman. In the second half of the 18th century. it was first examined by the Englishman J. Cook. At the beginning of the 19th century. The first permanent European settlements emerged. In 1839, the New Zealand Land Company, established in Great Britain, sent the first organized group of settlers to the country, who founded the city of Wellington. The conclusion of a treaty between Maori leaders and the Queen of England, as a result of which New Zealand became an English colony, dates back to 1840.

In 1843-1872. The so-called Maori wars began (the armed struggle of Maori against the colonialists). The resistance of the indigenous people was crushed. In the 60s, the gold rush began, associated with the discovery of gold deposits in the South Island, causing high levels of immigration. The number of Europeans doubles. In 1907, New Zealand received dominion status. In 1914-1918. the country will take part in the First World War on the side of Great Britain. In accordance with the decisions of the Imperial Conference (1926), enshrined in the Statute of Westminster (1931), New Zealand received the right to full independence.

Brief Economic Sketch

New Zealand is an industrial and agronomic country with highly developed agriculture. The basis of agriculture is pasture meat-wool cattle breeding and sheep breeding. New Zealand is one of the world's leading exporters of butter, meat, wool and cheese. Mainly fodder crops are cultivated: wheat, barley, and oats. Fishing. Forestry, logging. The industry is mainly food and light. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering, woodworking, pulp and paper, chemical and other industries are developing. Extraction of natural gas, coal, titanomagnetite sands, gold, silver.

The currency is the New Zealand dollar.

Brief sketch of culture

Art and architecture. Auckland. Art Gallery; Museum of Transport and Technology; Parnell Rose Garden. Wellington. National Gallery of Art; National Museum with magnificent collections of exhibits from the field of ethnography and natural history.

New Zealand is an island country in Oceania, located in the southwest Pacific Ocean. The main part of the country includes two large islands - North and South; on a detailed map of New Zealand you can also find about 700 small islands, where less than 10% of the country's population lives.

New Zealand is quite isolated from other continents - the distance to the nearest continent of Australia is 1700 km to the west. New Zealand is a country with developed agriculture (in particular, livestock and sheep farming), fishing and food industries, as well as tourism.

New Zealand on the world map: geography, nature and climate

On the world map, New Zealand is located in Oceania and is washed on the west by the Tasman Sea, and on other sides by the Pacific Ocean. The country is located primarily on two large islands, North and South, separated by Cook Strait, which is 22 km wide at its narrowest point. New Zealand also includes about 700 small islands. The length of the coastline is 15,134 km.

Minerals

In New Zealand there are deposits of oil and gas, gold and silver, coal, limestone and clay.

Relief

The North and South Islands differ significantly in relief:

• The relief of the South Island, larger and less populated, is predominantly mountainous - the Southern Alps mountain range runs through the island from north to south. The plains are located only in the east of the island, while in the western part there are many glaciers, fjords, deep valleys and elongated lakes. The highest point of the South Island and New Zealand is Mount Cook at 3754 m.
• The North Island's surface is mostly hilly and therefore more suitable for human activity. There is increased volcanic activity here and most of New Zealand's volcanoes are located, including the highest point of the island, Ruapehu Volcano (2797 m).

Hydrography

There are thousands of rivers in New Zealand, but almost all of them are no more than 50 km long - only 33 rivers are longer than 100 km. Most of the rivers are fed by rain or snow, begin in the mountains, then flow down to the plains and flow into the Tasman Sea or the Pacific Ocean. The longest river - Waikato(425 km), flowing through the central part of Severny Island and flowing into the Tasman Sea.

The country has 3,280 lakes of volcanic or glacial origin. The largest of them is Lake Taupo with an area of ​​623 km², located in the central part of the North Island.

In the west of the South Island there are several glaciers, some of them are half a kilometer thick and 25 km long (Tasmanian, Foxa).

Flora and fauna

More than 15 types of soils are found in New Zealand: volcanic clay, brown, gley, granular, podzolic and others, most of which are infertile.

The country's flora consists of more than 2,000 plant species. Mixed subtropical and evergreen forests grow here, where legwort grows; Dacridium cypress; radiata pine; black, red and silver beech. Among the most common plants are liver and leaf mosses, ferns, forget-me-nots, and silver cyathea.

Mammals appeared on the territory of New Zealand only with the arrival of Europeans, these include: goats, pigs, ferrets, rats, rabbits, stoats, opossums and others. Among the representatives of the avifauna, unique birds nest here: kiwi, kea, kakapo and takahe.

The country's environmental protection zones include 14 national and 4 marine parks, 21 nature reserves, making up 25% of New Zealand's territory. The oldest national park, Tongariro on the map of New Zealand in Russian, is located in the mountains of the central part of the North Island and includes active and extinct volcanoes, as well as mountain lake Rotopunamu.

Climate

The country's climate is subtropical in the north and temperate in the south. New Zealand is influenced by the East Australian Current, which makes it warm and humid. The average annual air temperature ranges from +10 °C in the south to +16 °C in the north of the country. The warmest month is January, with an average temperature of +15 to +19 °C, and the coldest month is July, with an average temperature of +6 to 11 °C. 600 - 1600 mm of precipitation falls per year, the number of hours of sunshine in New Zealand is significant - at least 2000 hours per year.

Map of New Zealand with cities. Administrative division of the country

The territory of New Zealand is divided into 16 regions.

Largest cities

• Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand and the main financial, cultural, and tourist center of the country, where a third of its population lives (1.53 million people). On a map of New Zealand with cities in Russian, Auckland can be found in the northern part of the North Island, surrounded by mountain ranges, sea bays and many islands.
• Wellington is the capital and second most important city of New Zealand, located in the south of the North Island, on the shores of Cook Strait. Wellington is a cozy city where ancient wooden and modern buildings are combined, and many parks, squares and tunnels have been built. Wellington's population is 412 thousand people.
• Christchurch is a city on the South Island, located in its eastern part. The city is an important center for the agricultural and food industries and biotechnology development. The city has a population of 341 thousand people. Christchurch Cathedral is one of New Zealand's oldest churches, built in 1881.

Map of New Zealand online
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New Zealand on a satellite map

New Zealand is a modern developed state. Population 4.5 million people. The density is low, about 16 people per square kilometer. This is a consequence of the recent settlement of these territories. The per capita income here is $34,000 per year. During the First and Second World Wars, a significant part of the male population participated in the fighting. The New Zealand army was about 100-140 thousand people. New Zealanders fought in Africa and on the islands and in Asia, against the Japanese. About 15 thousand people were killed and 45 thousand were wounded. So, they didn’t sit behind their backs. Rather, on the contrary, they were the first to go into battle.

New Zealand has good relations with everyone. Perhaps because this is one of the first countries where women were given voting rights and they manage to soften the morals of their men quite well. They bring female stability.

The basis of New Zealand's economy is agriculture. The number of sheep, cattle and deer here significantly exceeds the human population. It is noteworthy that the state does not subsidize local farmers - giving them the opportunity to freely compete among themselves, improving the quality of their products. At international forums, New Zealand constantly champions this form, citing itself as an example. However, this model is unlikely to be viable beyond this small area.

New Zealand is located in the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean. The country harmoniously combines the original folklore of the Maori people, exotic wildlife and a highly developed economy, with sheep breeding playing a major role in the economy. The area of ​​the state is 270,534 square km.

The country occupies two large islands: South (151,200 square km) and North (115,800 square km). and quite a few small islands: Kermadec, Stewart, Auckland, Campbell, etc. The population of New Zealand is about 4 million and 100 thousand people.

About 75% of the local plants are endemic, among which the kauri, reaching a height of 80 meters, the dwarf pine and the mountain plant haastia stand out.

The maritime climate dominates the country, with a warm temperate climate on the southern side and a subtropical climate on the northern island. The average temperature in January (here considered summer) is 12-19 degrees, and in July (winter) 3-5 degrees.
The cultural capital of New Zealand is Wellington. Of the attractions all tourists should visit: the National Dance School, the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra, the country's Royal Ballet, the Opera House, the Te Papa National Museum (containing exhibits about the history of the country).
In the city of Dunedin, the main attraction is Lake Wakatipu, famous for its depth among other lakes in the country and its purity.

New Zealand– an incredibly beautiful and picturesque country with a unique pristine nature, offering travelers the most interesting holiday in its open spaces.

All its splendor is tumbling waterfalls and soaring geysers, volcanic beaches and long-lasting glaciers, as well as lakes located on numerous large and small islands.

New Zealand on the world map in Russian

Mysterious and unique New Zealand significantly remote from other countries, but this makes it no less attractive to travelers.

Where is?

Isolated from the rest of the world, New Zealand is surrounded Tasman Sea And Pacific Ocean from all sides. The closest to it is located - 1700 kilometers, which is located on the other side of the Tasman Sea, as well as the islands of Caledonia and Fiji.

New Zealand has about 700 islands, most of which are uninhabited. The most populated are two large islands - North and South, each of which has a unique topography.

Most of the country is mountains and hills of volcanic origin, but there are slightly fewer of them on the North Island. But in its very center lies Volcanic plateau, where active volcanoes emit heat, geysers soar into the sky and mineral springs gush.

It is often observed here seismic activity. This is due to the fact that New Zealand is located within the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Between the various hills there are deep and wide rivers, there are many beautiful hidden lakes of volcanic origin, which tourists love to visit.

Watch a video about New Zealand's location on the globe:

Climate

In this country there is subtropical maritime climate. It's never too hot or too cold here. Summer in this country begins in and lasts until the end, delighting with temperatures of +20-30 degrees. The further south you travel, the warmer the weather will be.

The coolest considered to be a month when daytime temperatures drop to +8-10°C, in the mountains – +3-6°C.

Even this weather does not prevent travelers who come here from to from getting good Tan.

How to get there?

Traveling to New Zealand is not an easy task, since the country, located on the outskirts of the globe, is accessible only to travelers by plane to Auckland- one of several large cities.

A total of 20 airlines deliver passengers to the islands, including Cathay Pacific, China Airlines, Emirates, Singapore Airlines, and Thai Airways.

They all deliver with a transfer in Singapore, Hong Kong, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur or Tokyo.

Use this search form to find an air ticket at an attractive price. Enter information about cities of departure and arrival, date, number of passengers.

Kitchen

Oddly enough, on the islands of New Zealand the traditional cuisine is not fish, but meat and fried potatoes, steaks and roast beef - dishes reminiscent of Anglo-Saxon cuisine. Despite the immediate location next to the sea and ocean, it is rare to find seafood dishes here.

The most popular and national thing that any traveler can try is fried or baked potatoes with various products cooked over an open fire.

Hotels and inns

New Zealand's hotel base is very diverse. Vacationers can, traditionally, choose to spend the night in 3-5* hotels or stay in “lodges” - small houses located next to the water. There are excellent holiday destinations in both large cities and small towns.

The quick search form will help you choose a suitable accommodation option. Enter city, check-in and check-out dates And number of guests.

Entertainment

Residents of New Zealand, one and all, are fans of extreme entertainment, which, first of all, includes rope jumping. Any high place, such as the Sky Tower or the Auckland Bridge, offers the opportunity to perform a rope jump upside down.

Diving in this country is available all year round - the North Island has many stunning sites that maintain excellent visibility.

Other popular New Zealand activities:

1. Hiking;
2. Skydiving;
3. Kayaking;
4. Zorbing;
5. Rafting;
6. Diving;
7. Skiing.

Shopping

According to tradition, the souvenirs that travelers take away from this state are copies of props from the movie "The Lord of the Rings" samples of folk art indigenous people kiwi bird figurines, medical cosmetics from unique New Zealand plants.

• Tourist season in New Zealand it continues all year round.
• You can fully enjoy the beautiful nature by moving around on a kayak.
• Tap water incredibly clean and safe.
• On the streets It's customary to say hello to everyone and ask how things are going.
• More often used in stores English unit of weight.
• Tips in cafes are accepted only in large cities, they don’t take it in the provinces.

This beautiful corner of the world is ready to offer travelers an unforgettable adventure in picturesque spaces amid unique nature.