Secrets of the ocean depths. Secrets of the sea depths. "Titanic", Bermuda Triangle Secrets of the sea and ocean depths

Ecology

Some people believe that there are practically no unexplored places left on our planet by the beginning of the 21st century, but the largest part of the Earth - the world ocean - remains a virtually unexplored area. And this is not surprising, since every schoolchild knows that the ocean covers more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet, and the average depth of the water system is about four kilometers.

It is these conditions that make the ocean the most populated part of the Earth's ecosystem, which, however, is one of the least friendly on our planet. The ocean is very cold, incredibly dark and lacks oxygen. And what is the terrifying pressure worth?, which in the depths of the ocean is thousands of times higher than the pressure on the surface of the planet! Thanks to all these factors, the biochemistry of the underwater world is unlike any other world.

However, despite all these seemingly unbearable conditions that impede the development of life, one cannot help but recognize the fact that we have only just scratched the surface of the study of deep-sea life. Now every scientist realizes that the ocean is home to an incredible diversity of living organisms about which we know almost nothing! In some regions we can only say anything concrete about one percent of the inhabitants of the ocean floor.

The most bizarre world

The inhabitants of the underwater world are significantly different from the inhabitants of the surface of the planet, and some have simply incredible appearance. Take, for example, a deep-sea shark, or a monster-like idiot, frightening red glow of the so-called postorbital photophores! The species of bioluminescent fish, crawling sea lilies, blood-red mollusks, octopuses with luminous suckers, cone-shaped jellyfish a meter or more wide are fascinating; armored snail and many, many other harmless and deadly poisonous creatures.

Probably one of the most impressive inhabitants of the deep sea is the 13-meter giant octopus or architeuthis, which was recently captured on video for the first time. It is known, however, that these creatures can be truly gigantic in size- up to 18 meters in length, although no one has yet seen them live. It is only known that only sperm whales and Greenland polar sharks can resist such predators.

Life in the depths also thrives in the form of bacteria, worms and crustaceans that literally litter the abyssal (deep-sea) plains that make up much of the world's ocean floor. They feed on organic food, which snow falls on them from the upper layers. What happens deep under the ocean floor? For a long time it was believed that life there was impossible, but in 2003, researchers discovered a unique bacterium in a sedimentary layer at a depth of three hundred meters under the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. This bacterium has been living there for many millions of years.

An incredible sight are the deep-sea corals, which were discovered at a depth of up to six thousand meters, where the water temperature does not exceed two degrees Celsius. Despite this, deep-sea corals can quite rival in splendor its tropical shallow-water relatives. These slow-growing organisms have recently been discovered to litter the seabed from the coast of Ireland to New Zealand (they even cover the supports of oil drilling rigs).

It is noteworthy that humanity realized how widely these living organisms had spread along the ocean floor only when they began to use a special method of fishing, destroying the ecostructure of the ocean floor (we are talking about trawl fishing). The largest known habitat of deep-sea corals was discovered only in 2002. It is located off the coast of Norway and covers an area of ​​more than one hundred square kilometers.

Hydrothermal wonders

In some places the abundance of life is simply amazing. Some of the most impressive deep-sea ecosystems have been discovered around hydrothermal vents, where superheated water rich in chemicals erupts from volcanically active ridges located on the ocean floor. Here, thanks to bacteria that feed on methane and sulfides, large communities of living organisms thrive, including giant clams, various bizarre fish and even the riftia, a giant invertebrate animal up to three meters long.

Some photosynthetic bacteria that live near certain hydrothermal vents are surprising not only for their faint glow, but also for their ability to thrive in water temperatures of more than 121 degrees Celsius! Similar volcanic vents that are usually isolated, sometimes releasing huge volumes of superheated water, carrying bacteria from one crater to another. Such moving streams look like real underwater “flying saucers”!

For the first time, deep-sea emissions through conductive channels on the ocean floor (they were called black smokers) were discovered in 1977 with the help of the American manned submersible Alvin. Discovery of an entire ecosystem at a depth of two thousand meters, which does not require photosynthesis processes, literally changed humanity's views on life. We now know that such ecosystems are quite common throughout the seafloor from Scandinavia to the Pacific Ocean.

Scientists have determined that deep-sea ecosystems develop along the mid-ocean ridge, both in relatively shallow water and at a depth of several kilometers. Some experts even tend to think that life on Earth formed precisely in such vents, which can reach 60 meters in height. Others believe that similar geological formations could become the source of life in the frozen water basins of the Earth, other planets and their satellites, including Mars and Europa.

Hydrothermal vents are not the only oases of life in the depths of the world's oceans. In 1984, biologists discovered so-called cold springs. We're talking about places on the ocean floor, through which water enriched with chemical elements seeps to the surface, supporting life around it. Typically, such sources are found near the boundaries of continents.

Another unusual source of nutrients for many organisms, which allows them to literally thrive, are the dead bodies of whales, sperm whales and other large inhabitants of the deep. These bodies settle to the bottom and can serve as a refuge for various organisms for many decades. For example, the carcass of a whale that settled to the bottom, which weighed up to 160 tons, is capable of feeding more than four hundred species, ranging from sharks and hagfish (vertebrates of the cyclostome class), ending with bone-eating “zombie worms” (osedax) and living off sulfides bacteria.

Seamounts and chasms

The bottom of the seas and oceans is covered with depressions and hills, but there are also real outstanding volcanic peaks. In fact, these peaks are a kind of analogue of the islands, which, as is known, often characterized by extremely rich and unusual flora and fauna. Likewise, underground peaks are home to numerous species unknown to science, of which, probably, half are unique and characteristic only of this particular mountain range.

Despite the fact that the world has a thriving fishing industry, concentrated around approximately one hundred thousand major seamounts in the oceans, Only a few of these seamounts have been truly well studied. This is a real paradise for expeditions aimed at discovering new species. The largest underwater mountain range extends from the mid-ocean ridge 70 thousand kilometers around the planet!

Exploration of the depths of the world's oceans began around 1930, when American oceanographers descended to a depth of one thousand meters in a steel ball, which was connected to the surface with a cable. And already in 1960 Research bathyscaphe "Trieste" plunged to a depth of 11 kilometers into the Mariana Trench located near the Philippines (as you know, this trench is considered the deepest place on Earth). Since then, no one else has dived to such depths.

There is no doubt that the next generation of diving technology will help us continue to unlock the secrets of the deep. Successful attempts include the launch of a Japanese remote-controlled underwater vehicle, which reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench in 1995, but was later lost; the recent invention of the Alvin apparatus, which is capable of reaching 99 percent of the seabed. There are also known underwater vehicles that are more reminiscent of fighter jets with jet engines. An entire army of robots is being developed that can build autonomous laboratories on the seabed. Humanity is trying its best to unravel the mysteries of the world's oceans, but for now it remains one of the biggest mysteries on Earth.

The endless expanses of water have always attracted and frightened people at the same time. Brave sailors set off to travel in search of the unknown. Many mysteries of the oceans remain unsolved today. It is not for nothing that you can hear from scientists that the hydrosphere is less studied than the surface. There is some truth in this, because the degree of study of the waters of the world's oceans does not exceed 5%.

Ocean Exploration

The exploration of the deep sea began much earlier than the exploration of outer space and distant galaxies. Devices were created that could lower a person to a significant depth. Underwater imaging technologies and robotic systems developed. The area of ​​the oceans and its depths are so large that many types of bathyscaphes have been designed to study them.

After the first human flight into outer space in 1961, scientists devoted all their efforts to exploring the Universe. The secrets of the oceans faded into the background because getting to them seemed much more difficult. The programs started to study the seas were frozen or reduced.

Researchers received information about the existence of underwater rivers at the bottom of the oceans. Various hydrocarbon compounds emerge through cracks in the earth's crust under the water column, mix with it and move. This phenomenon is referred to as “cold seepage.” However, the temperature of the gases is not lower than that of the surrounding water.

Underwater rivers are not the only interesting phenomenon. The area of ​​the oceans is so large that many mysterious things are hidden under it. 7 were found on the seabed that were larger in size than their known counterparts on land. This strange movement of water is caused by a number of reasons:

• different temperatures;
• distinguishing salinity;
• the presence of a complex bottom surface topography.

The combination of all these factors causes the movement of water with greater density, which rushes down.

Milky seas and false bottom

The glow-in-the-dark expanses of the ocean were nicknamed “milky seas.” Researchers have repeatedly recorded similar phenomena on film. There are many hypotheses that seek to explain their essence, but no one can name the exact reason for the glow of water. According to one of them, “milk seas” are a huge accumulation of luminescent microorganisms. Some ocean fish also have the property of glowing in the dark.

A false bottom is another one that science sometimes encounters. The first mention of it dates back to 1942, when scientists using echolocators noticed an unusual layer reflecting acoustic signals at a depth of 4 hundred meters. Further research established that this layer rises to the surface of the water at night and sinks again at dawn. Scientists' guesses were confirmed; this phenomenon was created by ocean animals - squids. They do not like sunlight and hide from it at great depths. Dense clusters of these organisms do not transmit sound waves.

Acoustic equipment also detects strange sound waves emanating from the seabed. They were discovered in the early 90s of the 20th century. After some time, the devices stopped recording this phenomenon. Once again, the sounds appeared ten years later, becoming louder and more varied. Scientists cannot indicate their source and cause.

Bermuda Triangle

There are other secrets of the oceans that cause panic in the common man. In certain places, aircraft and ships along with people disappear without a trace, giant whirlpools appear and shining circles are visible. Many have heard about the mysterious Bermuda Triangle, in which all of the above phenomena are observed. The area of ​​the zone is about 1 million km 2. Rumors about this mysterious area began after the disappearance of military aircraft in 1945. They managed to convey information that they had lost orientation in space. Over the past time, dozens of similar cases have occurred.

Various theories have been researched and put forward to try to explain them. Many of them are pseudoscientific and cannot be taken seriously. One of the most reliable was voiced by D. Monaghan. He saw the reason in the accumulation of hydrocarbon and other gases in a solid state near the ocean floor. The ongoing tectonic processes influenced them. As a result, the substances turned into a gaseous state and collected at the surface of the water.

The ships sank as the density of the water decreased significantly. The planes lost orientation under the influence of gases. The movement of hydrocarbons in water creates infrasound, which causes a state of panic in a person. Such fear could force the entire crew to hastily abandon the ship. This is not the only mysterious zone in the vast expanses of water. What other mysteries of the oceans scientists have to unravel, one can only guess.

Bizarre world

A wide variety of organisms with unusual appearance live under water. Some of them are poisonous, others are harmless. An incredible variety of sizes and shapes, as well as unusual adaptations with which ocean animals camouflage or hunt. Among the most mysterious is a huge octopus 13 m in length. This inhabitant of the underwater world was recently caught on camera. According to some reports, its size can be much larger, up to 18 m. Only sperm whales and polar sharks are equal in strength to it.

The depths of the sea have many invertebrate inhabitants and microorganisms with which the bottom is literally littered. Their food is organic matter that falls on top of them. The problems of the ocean are solved by its inhabitants themselves, for example, the issue of processing the remains of living organisms. While exploring the features of the oceans, scientists discovered a bacterium living deep under its bottom. It lives under a three-hundred-meter layer of sediment for many millions of years.

Corals

Corals living at depths of up to 6 km are a very interesting sight. Under such a layer of water the temperature does not rise above +2ºC. Their magnificence is not inferior to those that we see in the shallow waters of tropical seas. The life of these organisms proceeds slowly, and their range is very large.

It was only possible to understand the extent of their distribution after using trawls. began to be caught using such a barbaric method, which destroys the bottom eco-structure. The largest place of their settlement was discovered not far from Norway. It has an area of ​​over 100 km 2.

Hydrothermal wonders

One of the ecosystems was discovered by scientists in the area of ​​underwater hot springs, where boiling water breaks out from under the earth's crust into the ocean. The area is simply teeming with a variety of invertebrates and microorganisms. Among them there are also different types of fish. Bacteria have been discovered that can live in streams of water with a temperature of 121ºC.

The world's oceans cover 70% of the surface of our planet. Scientists have discovered many interesting and mysterious phenomena in its thickness. However, the main mysteries of the oceans have yet to be unraveled.

Water is the most common substance on Earth, occupying more than a third of the entire surface of our planet. The variety of shapes and sizes of this life-giving force is amazing. Water is omnipresent, it is present in all living organisms and fills numerous depressions in the world.

Meanwhile, for the water element, it remains one of the greatest mysteries in the world, since only 5% of the World Ocean has been studied by people. and expensive research using bathyscaphes made it possible to partially study the unique world under a multi-kilometer layer of water, lifting the curtain on the secrets of the sea depths.

Who would have thought that under the calm surface of the water there were hidden ancient monsters and strange creatures, about which legends were made, which were considered just another invention of a science fiction writer and never left their refuge at the bottom of the ocean? Scientists continue to hypothesize about the existence of alien objects that hide the depths of the sea. But even experienced specialists cannot explain some of the mysterious events that occurred in the depths of the sea.

The legendary ship, its first and last launch (Titanic)

The sensational tragic event of the last century was the death of the Titanic, its time, a world miracle of shipbuilding. The owners confidently believed that no one and nothing in the world could crush this giant except the Lord, and therefore its unexpected, catastrophic fate shocked the entire world community. According to the official version, the giant ship collided with an iceberg, although at night the sea was calm and did not pose a threat. Due to significant damage to the hull, the liner sank to the bottom of the ocean, forever inscribing its name in the list called “Secrets of the Depths of the Sea.”

Irony of fate or coincidence? Unsinkable giant

As time passed, other reasons for the shipwreck of the mighty Titanic and its tragic descent into the depths of the sea were found. The secrets of the disaster partially came to the surface thanks to research that reliably established that:

1. Telegraph operators ignored reports of ice drift, busy sending telegrams, which was an expensive pleasure available only to the wealthiest passengers.
2. The delayed awareness of the collision and the impossibility of performing a saving maneuver are also due to the lack of binoculars on the lookout's person.
3. The captain and his reluctance to change course or reduce the speed of the ship also played a cruel joke.
4. The huge number of victims was the result of the inattention of the liner workers to the occupancy of the boats. In a panic, the boats were launched into the water half empty.
5. There was not a single red rocket on the giant ship, warning of an imminent disaster.

Through a hundred years and the depths of the sea. Ruthless destruction of luxury

For more than a century (since 1912), a giant liner has rested on the ocean floor. The last two decades have had a devastating impact on the ship. The causes of irreparable damage entail further mysteries of the deep sea. The Titanic suffered from profit hunters who plundered the ship and stole even the mast lighthouse, and from the destructive effects of bacteria that turned the best steel of that time into miserable pieces of rusty metal.

Without a trace or investigation. Disappearances in the Western Atlantic

The category of “depths” also includes the mysterious disappearances of aircraft and navigational equipment in the most mystical place of the Atlantic Ocean - the Bermuda Triangle. All sorts of versions appeared on the covers of periodicals of the last century! Guests from other planets and fantastic monsters were blamed for the disappearance of ships and planes without a trace. , and even evaporations of a unique nature that produce the depths of the sea. Mysteries led scientists further and further, resulting in amazing stories about black holes, jumping through time space and quite logical conclusions about the experiments of American intelligence agencies. However, none of the theories stood up to criticism All of them were doomed to be considered unsubstantiated.

Inexplicable, but true: the location of the Bermuda Triangle

Over the course of three decades, the disappearances of 37 aircraft and 38 ships, as well as a nuclear submarine and a balloon, were recorded. Until 1975, mysterious cases continued, called “Secrets of the Deep Sea.” The Bermuda Triangle, as scientists have calculated, has an area of ​​1 million km2 and is located between the islands of the same name, the southern cape of Florida and Puerto Rico. A characteristic feature of this place is a multi-tiered system of air and sea flows.

Questions are in the air. Unresolved disputes

Incomprehensible and not consistent with the conclusions of common sense, the secrets of the depths of the sea still remain unrevealed. More and more new information gives rise to new questions, many of which cannot be answered.

The sinking of the Titanic became a kind of trigger that created a subject for ongoing debate among both the public and brilliant scientists. Was the iceberg the cause of the collapse of a giant ship designed to stay afloat in the event of any unexpected disaster? What ruined the gigantic liner, interrupting its first solemn conquest of the water element? Is it all due to evil fate and excessive confidence in the unsinkability of the ship, or is there a more trivial reason behind the disaster?

There is even less clarity in the Bermuda Triangle case. The disappearance of dozens of pieces of equipment and people without the slightest clue or trace creates fertile ground for the most ambitious assumptions, which are impossible to confirm or refute at the present stage.

Scientists continue to study the smallest details and facts, compiling statistics and theories, and also develop instruments to further study the World Ocean. We can only hope that the innovations created by future technologies will shed light on the dark mysteries of the past, lurking at the very bottom of the sea.

The space of the World Ocean covers almost 71% of the earth's surface. However, scientists from all over the planet managed to study only one tenth of this vast territory. What mysteries hide the endless expanses of water that have not yet been studied by people?

The fate of giants

Modern geographers consider five giant bodies of water to be oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic and Southern (Antarctic). The palm in size belongs to the Pacific Ocean - it occupies about 1/3 of the earth's surface. It was called quiet by Ferdinand Magellan, who during his entire voyage through its waters did not encounter a single more or less serious storm. The name stuck, despite the true nature of the ocean elements: severe storms and tsunamis regularly occur there, sending ships and their crews to the bottom.

The second largest Atlantic Ocean has an equally bad temper. During the hurricane season, at least two dozen cyclones with personal names (a name is given to a cyclone if it is accompanied by winds of at least 60 kilometers per hour) form in the Caribbean and destroy the coast of North America. In addition, in the Atlantic there is the famous Bermuda Triangle - a zone where ships and aircraft disappear without a trace.

The Indian Ocean is famous for the fact that in 1938, coelacanth was discovered there - the oldest fish on the planet, the same age as dinosaurs. In addition to living rarities, at the bottom of the ocean there is a cross between a treasury and a museum: during the era of the Great Geographical Discoveries, thousands of ships sailed between Asia and Europe, and many of them, along with their cargo, found their final refuge on the ocean floor.

The Arctic Ocean, although much smaller than its huge “brothers,” stores a quarter of the world’s oil reserves in its depths. And the ill-fated iceberg that destroyed the Titanic, although it met the liner in the Atlantic, was born precisely in the waters of the Arctic Ocean.

Regarding the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, there is still debate to this day - whether it should be considered a separate body of water or just a continuation of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans. Be that as it may, these places are considered the coldest on the planet. It was there that the lowest temperature on earth was recorded -89.2 °C.

Each of the oceans annually brings amazing discoveries to people, but continues to hide an innumerable number of mysteries that may never be solved.

The Unprecedented Happens

The fact that most of the ocean spaces remain unexplored is confirmed by the presence of anomalous zones within them, the action of which cannot be explained from the point of view of modern science. The most famous, but not the only one, is the Bermuda Triangle in the Atlantic Ocean. Since 1918, more than 200 cases of ships and aircraft disappearing without a trace have been recorded there. The reason for their disappearance is called anything from the Gulf Stream passing through the triangle to the sunken Atlantis, alien intervention and an interdimensional portal leading to other dimensions. However, none of the versions has significant evidence to consider it true.

There is also an anomaly in the Pacific Ocean - this is the Devil's Sea (also known as the Dragon Triangle, Devil's, or Formosan, triangle), the exact coordinates of which oceanologists cannot deduce to this day. Since 1955, this territory has been officially recognized as an anomaly zone dangerous for navigation: it is not without reason that it is also called the cemetery of the Pacific Ocean. The Devil's Sea has swallowed up so many ships that even the frightening glory of the Bermuda Triangle pales next to its reputation. Travelers say that in the waters of the Dragon Triangle there are no whales, dolphins, or other marine life, no birds fly over it, therefore, it can be truly dangerous for people.

Sometimes ocean anomalous zones are located on land, but, according to experts, they are generated by the surrounding water space. One such place is the infamous Palmyra Atoll, located in the Pacific Ocean south of Hawaii. This small group of islands looks like a paradise, but many tragic and mysterious events are associated with it. The atoll received its name at the beginning of the 19th century after a ship that crashed near it. Of the entire crew, only ten people survived, and by the arrival of the ship that saved them, only three remained alive - they claimed that the rest were destroyed by the island itself. For another century and a half, ships were systematically lost off the coast of Palmyra, and in the mid-1940s an American military garrison was stationed there, which quickly became famous as a place that arouses horror or extreme aggression in soldiers. One day, a German plane was shot down right over the island, but no matter how much they searched for its wreckage, not even a screw was found, as if Palmyra had swallowed up its victim without a trace. Biologists have hypothesized that the island is a living, evil entity that has power over everyone who sets foot on its shores. Today, Palmyra is uninhabited, which can easily be explained by its frightening history.

Kraken and others

Many creepy creatures live in ocean waters, their diversity is understandable - after all, the oceans are home to 4/5 of the species of life existing on our planet. The name of one of the inhabitants of the ocean depths - Kraken - has inspired fear in sailors since Antiquity. There is still no consensus on what species this monster should be classified as - it is considered either a squid, a cuttlefish, or an octopus. Legends have preserved detailed descriptions of a monster with superintelligence and giant tentacles, capable of sinking any ship. Legend has it that most of the time the Kraken sleeps on the ocean floor, waiting for the water to swallow the entire planet so that he can rule this watery world alone. It is a rare case when science does not argue with legends: cryptozoologists do not rule out that the huge octopus is much older than the first man who appeared on earth, perhaps the last representative of the animal world of antiquity. Its habitat is considered to be the depths of the Arctic Ocean, and the cause of periodic awakenings is the melting of glaciers.

In the waters of the Indian Ocean, you can find a giant moray eel (aka Javan gymnothorax), in addition to its repulsive appearance, it has a nasty disposition, dangerous not only for its “neighbors”, but also for humans. This “beauty” can reach three meters in length and weigh up to 30 kilograms. A smooth body with a light speckled pattern allows it to hide in the stones in anticipation of a prey, which, having caught, the moray eel immediately swallows it whole.

One of the frightening inhabitants of the Atlantic is the striped catfish, or sea wolf. Scandinavian sailors believed that these fish were able to foresee the death of a ship and gathered around it in advance in order to feast on human flesh after the crash. Blue or brown sea wolves have such powerful teeth that neither crab shells nor shells in which mollusks are hidden are an obstacle for them. Every year, the catfish completely changes its teeth, and until they get stronger, it lies on the bottom and stops hunting. The period of abstinence lasts up to one and a half months, and only then the fish makes up for lost time with interest.

300 Flying Dutchmen

No less dangerous than a collision with an ocean predator can be an encounter with the Flying Dutchman. This is the nickname of the ghost ship, whose crew consists only of the dead. Legend says that they are cursed and must forever wander the seas and oceans; meeting such a ship promises inevitable death for the ships. It must be said that the chances of meeting one of these ghosts have increased significantly these days - according to various estimates, up to 300 ships ply the waters of the North Atlantic alone, inhabited by the dead or without a crew at all. Most of them can be found in remote ocean areas where there are no shipping routes. It happens that ghost ships wash up on shallows or rocks. But it is much worse if “dead ships” without running lights collide with ordinary ships - then they actually bring destruction in full accordance with the legend.

History has preserved much evidence of the appearance of these mysterious ships. One of them is dedicated to the sailing ship Seabird, which once crashed at full speed into the shore near Rhode Island. Local residents who boarded the ship discovered that food was boiling in pots in the galley, a table had been set in the salon, but there was not a soul on the entire ship except a frightened dog. At the same time, the cargo, the documents for it, and the entire ship’s furnishings were in perfect order, as if the crew had left the ship a few minutes ago. An entire investigation was conducted into the missing crew, but it did not bring any results.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Marlboro ship washed ashore in Tierra del Fuego in a storm. A real nightmare was happening on board: the dried bodies of crew members lay all over the schooner. The sails and rigging were covered with a layer of mold, but the masts were completely preserved. The investigation established that 24 years ago the ship left Littleton for Glasgow, but never showed up at the port of arrival. It turned out that the sailing ship had been drifting on the ocean waves for a quarter of a century, never getting caught in a storm or hitting a reef.

Until now, humanity does not know what complete information about the World Ocean will bring. The supposed list of secrets lurking in the colossal depths is endless. At any moment, the ocean is ready to present its researchers with new amazing or frightening surprises.

No matter how hard man tries to position himself as the crown of creation of evolution, as soon as nature shows its tough temper, even modern developments turn out to be useless before the power of the advancing elements. New models of smartphones or another concept car that reaches a hundred kilometers in three seconds turn out to be unnecessary toys, the development of which wasted time, money and effort. An example of the powerlessness of humanity is very clearly manifested even in the inability to study our own planet, for example, what do we know about what is in the depths of the ocean?

Water is the earth's most valuable resource, although it still doesn't reach many people. After all, there is practically no water on other planets surrounding the Earth. This substance has a number of strange properties, for example, it expands both when heated and when cooled, while other substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. The neutral position of water is fixed at 4°C; at the same time, it forms a rather dense layer on the border with warmer layers, and a small underwater vessel can even lie on it, turning off the engines. This technique is often used by submariners when they want to deceive the enemy. And of course, water is home to billions of microorganisms, and those that live at great depths are still a mystery.

Unfortunately, a person is still not able to ensure a long stay at a significant depth, which means he is left with only short dives. However, what we manage to obtain is quite enough to throw modern scientists into a state of confusion. Water samples taken from the deepest place in the world, the Mariana Trench, showed that 90% of them contained microorganisms that were either vaguely reminiscent of those that can be found in surface waters, or completely unknown to science.

Recently, while studying samples of Antarctic ice, scientists discovered some similarities between bacteria frozen thousands of years ago and those found in samples from the ocean. Thus, we can trace the connection and confidently say that previously the appearance of the planet, like the climate, was completely different, however, what happened that forced microorganisms to adapt to such unfavorable living conditions in eternal darkness?

Many scientists are of the opinion that millions of years ago, a meteorite fell on the surface of the Earth, and this led to climate change and a pole shift. The description of the catastrophe can be found most often under the guise of a global flood... The latter, however, could have already been a consequence and flooded ancient cities located on land. With such global changes, there simply could not have been earth tremors, as a result of which the well-known Mariana Trench was formed, and microorganisms or other forms of life that got into it along with water found themselves in an isolated space with their own natural laws, beginning to adapt to them. This mysterious place has not yet been explored and, according to the most conservative estimates, under the ocean floor there is a space of hundreds of thousands of cubic meters, with its own mountainous terrain. It remains a mystery how one can survive at such a depth and in the complete absence of oxygen, if, of course, the creatures there have the same structure as those living above? What worries researchers most is the potential danger that may come from microorganisms that can be the causative agents of dangerous and unknown diseases.

If it is still possible to find some scientific explanations for microorganisms and try to investigate the phenomenon, then with strange creatures that vaguely resemble humans, this does not work. Eyewitnesses who have seen them talk about short-term chance encounters, and most often these creatures rush to hide. But sometimes everything ends badly for the people who tried to establish contact with them.

For the first time, the remains of an underwater city located in the Bermuda Triangle area suggested to scientists the idea of ​​the existence of ancient civilizations under water. Today, there are several such artifacts, quite large-scale in terms of construction volume, in the world’s oceans, and in a variety of areas. In Oceania, Africa, near the South American continent, and more recently, massive foundations made of rectangular stone blocks were discovered even in the Black Sea near Crimea. The ancient megacities are up to half a million years old, that is, the creatures who lived here were the absolute masters of the planet when present-day humanity did not even exist.

Unfortunately, buildings often go so deep that inspection with the help of divers becomes impossible and, of course, the question arises - did they appear when there was land here or were they built under water? In the legends of the peoples inhabiting the islands of Fiji, there are many stories about gods coming from the depths of the sea. These were creatures unlike humans, covered with scales and having several arms at once. According to the same legends, they swam freely and were under water, and when they reached land, the tail fin turned into limbs similar to human ones. Since the peoples of this region have a fairly ancient history, scientists took such evidence very seriously; moreover, during excavations of one of the ancient settlements here, several stones with images carved on them were discovered. Having studied them carefully and carried out carbon analysis, scientists found that they were about five thousand years old, and apparently the ancient people worshiped people from the ocean, and the stones were installed in a place for worship and sacrifices.

This find made it possible to assert that, at least partially, some cities were built directly under water, which means that the prehistoric creatures who lived there had technologies that were significantly ahead of even our current ones. Pearl miners, especially those who have extensive experience and swim to great depths, have more than once descended into ancient ruins in search of something valuable, and each of them can say that they have seen some mysterious creatures that vaguely resemble fairy-tale mermaids. True, according to eyewitnesses, they were in a hurry to hide, but what attracts them to ancient ruins?

Many believe that these are descendants of that very ancient race or one of the races. It was probably they who came out of the water to the ancient Fijians and gave them some knowledge. For example, according to the same legends, they taught how to build boats; before that, the natives had no idea that it was possible to float on the surface of the water. However, as researchers suggest, not only intelligent and possibly safe forms of life may be hiding in the depths. Scary monsters, which are usually depicted in fabulous seascapes, can also move freely underwater. Giant squids or sharks no longer surprise anyone, and the movie “Jaws” has ceased to be science fiction, although half a century ago one could only learn about such giants from books about the prehistoric past of the Earth. Reptiles, huge insects the size of an apartment building, and other creatures that were astonishing in their mass were the absolute masters, or so official science claims.

Was this really the case? The fact that they existed is proven by the skeletons, which are striking in their massiveness, but many researchers are not inclined to think so about the owners. These creatures were a completely natural addition to the fauna of that time, such as dogs and cats today. The real owners of the planet, the same ones who lived or later began to live under water, controlled them well, using telepathic waves. This feature was inherent in all ancient civilizations, from the Hyperboreans to the Atlanteans, which is described in detail in ancient Egyptian sources, as well as the Ramayana and Mahabharata. That is why the ancient gods could not use some kind of artificial aircraft to move around the planet, but with the power of thought they could force a massive animal to carry out the necessary commands.

After the disaster, land creatures died, but those that could live under water went deep into the ocean, where they can still be. The special composition of water at such depths allows not only prehistoric bacteria, but also more complex organisms to exist almost forever, so it is possible that once we go down, we will encounter species that are officially considered extinct. Frequent encounters between fishermen and giant squid, as well as sightings of previously unseen giant sharks near the coast, indicate that prehistoric creatures are rising from the depths for some reason, but why do they do this? What is most concerning is their ability to live in surface waters; they feel quite comfortable here, but where they begin to actively hunt, plankton and small fish disappear.

If we follow the logic, then after sharks and squids we should really see something more ancient, that is, the plot of the Japanese film “Godzilla” will also become a sad reality. It is possible that such cases have already happened, because only military vessels can descend to great depths, and the military tries not to disclose anything unusual that happens there, sending such material behind the thick walls of their archives. Only from fragmentary data from retirees can one sometimes find out that sometimes damage to the hull of submarines remains from contact with unknown creatures, and their nature is not inferior to damage from a large-caliber projectile.

Researchers tend to see the activation of prehistoric giants as the fault of modern man. Which, however, is not surprising, since most of today’s global changes on the planet are happening precisely through his fault. Pollution of the world's oceans, as well as global warming, could not bypass even such depths, and therefore it is possible that due to some chemical changes in the water they are forced to rise to the top. By detecting earthquakes and sea tsunamis that have become more frequent around the world, scientists have come to the conclusion that the mantle layer of the planet began to warm up again, and accordingly, the temperature in the ocean depths rose. All these circumstances once again confirm the absolute helplessness of man in the face of natural disasters. If humanity continues to treat the environment this way, then it is quite possible that it will no longer have to face natural disasters, but a powerful army of monsters and dangerous ancient microorganisms emerging from the depths, and it is not difficult to guess who will be the loser.