History of Monaco. Ilya Melnikov guide to Monaco Monaco territory area

Monaco is a miniature European country, known throughout the world for its wide variety of nightlife and gambling, luxurious yachts moored on the shore and fashionable hotels where you can easily meet a world celebrity.

Map of Monaco in Russian

Finding the miniature state of Monaco on the world map is very difficult, because some small red dot, surrounded by France on all land borders, barely stands out against the background of its giant neighbor.

Where is it located and who does it border with?

The principality is located in the southern part on the coast Ligurian Sea, and in size it is more like a city with a small suburb.

Monaco's modest territory does not prevent travelers from heading to this sophisticated and luxurious country, which is guarded by an army of 82 people.

To have an accurate idea of where the country of Monaco is located, it is enough to mark on the map a small place where the borders of the territory of France come together and along. Almost the same one inconspicuous point, which is located at this junction next to the no less luxurious Nice, will be a principality. For this, it is often called a continuation of the Cote d'Azur.

You can see the detailed location of Monaco on the world map in this video:

Natural resources

The territory of Monaco is a rocky coast with hilly terrain, located on the southern periphery of the Alpes-Maritimes. The highest point of the country is Cape Mont Agel, protruding into the sea and ending up in an open bay.

The country has a typical Mediterranean flora: boxwood, juniper, jasmine, cedar and dwarf palms. In the forest there are laurel, wild strawberry and tree-like erica. Macquis, viburnum and red juniper grow in the mountains. The most common fruit crops here are figs, pomegranates, sweet and bitter almonds, pistachios and grapes, as well as bananas, persimmons, oranges and lemons.

The seaside coast does not have a lot of fish and other marine inhabitants.

Fauna Monaco is very modest - there are no large animals left here, only small mammals: rodents, hedgehogs, shrews, bats and a rare species of Mediterranean pipistrelle. Reptiles and various insects are found everywhere.

What is the climate?

The Principality is distinguished by its typical coastal climate with sunny and also soft. The number of sunny days per year is 300, and drizzling rains do not cause inconvenience, falling mainly in autumn and lasting up to a maximum of three days.

How to get there from Russia?

Most easy way to get to Monaco - take a direct flight from Nice, and from there take a bus (45 minutes) or train (half an hour).

The train station platform, which is located on the hills of Monte Carlo, offers a picturesque view.

Alternative option– go by plane to, and from there by train directly to Monaco (about 950 km). Regular flights to Nice or Paris are operated by Aeroflot and Air France. The flight time will take about 4 hours.

You can purchase a ticket right now using this air ticket search form. Enter cities of departure and arrival, date And number of passengers.

State structure

In Monaco - a constitutional monarchy, where the head of state is the prince, who transfers control rights to the heir.

Story

Monaco's colorful history began when Francois Grimaldi, disguised as a monk, tricked himself into the Genoese fortress, and at night opened the gates to the soldiers so that they would capture it. Since then, the Grimaldi dynasty has ruled this country for more than 700 years. It is for this reason that the family coat of arms of the princely family is a knight in a cassock.

Throughout its existence, Monaco was losing independence and bought it again. , the Kingdom of Sardinia and France - the country fell under the protectorate of these states.

In 1848, thanks to Charles III, the country received recognition of sovereignty from France.

The prince is right there allowed to open there is a casino and several hotels here, which ensured the principality's success and popularity, since at that time gambling was banned in many neighboring countries, including France.

Since then, Monaco began to steadily attract royalty, bourgeois and aristocrats, which provided the country with a decent income.

Politics and economics

Monaco's foreign and domestic policies are inextricably linked associated with. Since the principality is under the protectorate of this state, Monaco carries out its actions in accordance with its interests.

Monaco's main profit is gambling business And tourism, the construction of new residences, as well as through the media covering the social life of the ruling family.

Visa

To visit Monaco you will need to, since this country is a member of the European Union. There is no princely representation in Moscow, so documents are submitted to French visa centers in Moscow, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod.

In the country you can hear Monegasque, English and Italian speech, but French is considered the official language.

Culture and religion

The national characteristics of Monaco are such that only about 20% of the country’s inhabitants are indigenous – Monegasques.

They have special privileges don't pay taxes And live in the old town, but they also lay the foundations of culture. Thanks to them, family values are respected in Monaco, meaning the opportunity to celebrate holidays with family.

90% Monaco – Catholics, about 6% – Protestants.

Transport

Getting around Monaco will not cause problems at any time of the day. They walk here Shuttle Buses in six directions, water and land transport is available around the clock, as well as a small tourist steam train and free escalators.

Business and currency

Freely used in Monaco Euro, equal to 100 cents.

The tourism, banking, financial and electronic spheres are well developed here, for this reason the country is considered great place for business, but the taxes levied on local firms are very high.

Wi-Fi hotspots are available everywhere, and the only Internet and mobile service provider is Monaco Telecom.

Real estate

The small size of the country does not allow for new developments, but Monaco real estate valuable acquisition with a high cost, because real estate on the territory of the principality makes it possible to obtain a residence permit.

Holidays in Monaco

Over the entire history of the country, the principality has acquired important sights and places worthy of the attention of travelers.

Main resort towns

Officially in Monaco four cities merging into one large central city:

Monaco-Ville– the oldest part, located on a hill where the ruling family lives;
Monte Carlo– the largest area in which the legendary casino is located;
La Condamine– the main port of the country and the place where major transactions are carried out;
Fontvieille– this place arose thanks to the construction of a dam.

Other areas of Monaco are Lavrotto– a place where luxurious beaches are located, as well as La Colle, Moneghetti, Saint-Roman, Saint Michel, which are considered attractive residential areas.

Attractions

The most striking attraction of Monaco is luxury casino in Monte Carlo, entrance to which is available around the clock. It was its construction that was the first reason why the country became so popular.

Here you can also visit:

The Wax Museum with figures of princely persons;
Princely Palace, founded in 1215;
Monaco Cathedral– the main cathedral of the principality;
Chapel of Mercy– old church on City Hall Square;
Church of Saint Devota- patroness of the principality.

Many tourists will be interested in strolling through the Exotic Garden with several thousand species of tropical plants, as well as along the Sculpture Alley with works by world-famous masters.

Excursions

Excursions to Oceanarium, which was founded with the assistance of Prince Albert I and J. Cousteau. There are about 200 species of marine life in aquariums.

It will be interesting to get acquainted with princely collection of vintage cars, which contains automotive history starting from the 20th century: Bugatti 1929, De Dion Bouton 1903, as well as many other first-class models of prestigious cars.

National cuisine and restaurants

In Monaco, it is not customary to dine at home; instead, it is popular to visit numerous restaurants, the most prestigious of which are considered Le Louis XV And Le Cafe de Paris.

Local chefs prepare gourmet dishes, in which Italian or French cuisine predominates.

Where to stay?

Monaco hotels offer visitors first-class accommodation with impeccable comfort and high prices. In total, the principality has about 15 hotels 3-5 stars.

The most popular holiday destinations:

Hotel Hermitage 5*;
Hotel Metropole 5*;
Port Palace 4*;
Ambassador Monaco 3*;
Novotel Monte-Carlo 3*.

The rooms in them are not always free, so guests of this country try to stay outside its borders.

To select a hotel, use the search form. Enter city, check-in and check-out dates And number of guests.

Entertainment

During the day, travelers visit museums and theaters, relax on the beaches, ride yachts or watch stage races "Formula 1 Grand Prix", since part of the route runs through the city.

The most favorite place for entertainment at night is, of course, the casino. During the day it is available for excursions, and in the evening the gambling public comes here.

One of the entertainments of Monaco is shopping, which takes place in the Golden Square area, where you will find only original products from brand stores.

Nowadays, newlyweds are increasingly choosing to get married abroad. Monaco is a great place to host such a significant celebration. Read where else you can get married.

Don't drink tap water– it is better to buy a bottled product;
On national holidays, the country organizes colorful ceremonies(January 27, November 19, December 25);
Speed by car limited to 50 km/h;
During the races, prices in the country are rising twice;
Banks are closed on weekends.

Monaco is an incredibly vibrant and attractive destination because it has a convenient geographical location, developed infrastructure and a lot of interesting attractions.

According to the form of government, Monaco is a constitutional monarchy, with some secondary signs of dualism. The head of state is the prince.

The country's government is regulated by the constitution, which came into force on December 17, 1962. The Constitution, in particular

Although it proclaims the principle of separation of powers, the power of the prince is absolute (cannot be limited by anything or anyone). In 2002, the constitution of the principality was revised. Officially, the powers of the legislative body (National Council) were somewhat expanded.

The executive power is represented by the Minister of State (head of government) and the State Council (government) of four people headed by him. The Minister of State is a French citizen who is confirmed by the Prince for a period of 3 years on the proposal of the French government.

Legislature

divided between the prince and the unicameral National Council (parliament) of 24 members, elected every 5 years on the basis of universal suffrage. In 2002, parliament received the right of legislative initiative (previously it belonged only to the prince). The Council can make amendments to government projects, approves the imposition of taxes. It also ratifies international treaties that change existing domestic legislation.

The judicial branch of government is also headed by the prince; various courts administer justice on his behalf.

Head of State

stva- the prince, who represents the principality in relations with other states, puts forward bills, carries out, in agreement with the National Council, a full or partial revision of the constitution, has the rights of pardon, amnesty, awards and granting Monegasque citizenship. Prince of Monaco since May 9, 1949 - Rainier III (Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand) of the Grimaldi dynasty, born in 1923, grandson of Prince Louis II. He graduated from the University of Hastings in the UK and the University of Montpellier (France), in 1944-1945 he served in the French army with the rank of colonel. Died April 6, 2005.

Under the prince there is a Crown Council, which is designed to assist the head of state in the implementation of a number of constitutional prerogatives and advise him on issues affecting the interests of the state. He gives opinions on draft laws and decrees submitted to his consideration by the prince.

Parliament of Monaco- National Council, consisting of 24 members elected for 5 years by universal suffrage of Monegasque citizens of both sexes who are at least 18 years old. 16 members of the National Council are elected by a majority vote, 8 by a proportional voting system. Members of parliament pass laws and the budget of the principality; amendments to the constitution require at least 2/3 of the vote. The National Council may be dissolved by the head of state with the consent of the Government Council, but new elections must be called without delay. The national government is not responsible to the National Council.

Executive branch b comes from the prince. Administration is carried out by the Minister of State, who represents and is appointed by the head of state. The Minister of State is assisted by the Government Council, which he heads, consisting of advisers responsible for the management of specialized departments. The minister and council members are responsible to the prince for the administration of the principality. The responsibilities of the government include: developing bills and presenting them to the prince, ensuring compliance with laws, directing administrative and public services, issuing ministerial acts and decrees concerning the implementation of laws and princely decrees, commanding the forces of order and the police, conducting foreign policy, etc.

Legislature in Monaco belongs to the prince, but he delegates it entirely to the judiciary acting on his behalf. The legal system is based on the French legal code. It consists of courts of first instance, magistrates and appellate courts. There is also a Supreme Court, consisting of five members and two assessors, appointed by the prince for a term of four years on the proposal of the National Council.
Administratively, the principality consists of four quarters corresponding to the cities that form it.

Monaco has a police force, but no army of its own, other than the 65-member Royal Guard. Defense matters are the responsibility of France.

The territory of today's Monaco was first explored by the Phoenicians and Greeks, who arrived here in the 10th century. But the foundations of statehood here began to be laid in the late Middle Ages, when the principality became a colony of the Genoese Republic. At the end of the 13th century, civil war broke out in Genoa, and the fortress of Monaco was captured by Francesco Grimaldi. Dressed in a monastic robe, the rebel entered with a group of accomplices through the city gates and arbitrarily settled on the throne of the country. The result of this sudden invasion was that all subsequent rulers of the state were representatives of the Grimaldi clan, including the current Prince Albert II.

As for relations with France, Monaco voluntarily came under its protection in 1641, tired of the harsh and devastating Spanish protectorate for the treasury. True, in the future the principality had to fight for independence, first with France, and then with Sardinia. Monaco began to turn into an elite holiday destination and the gambling capital of Europe by imitating the German Bad Homburg. Namely: in the second half of the 19th century, Prince Charles III set out to “rob all of Europe” by concluding an agreement with the businessman Francois Blanc to build a casino. The final result of the deal was the appearance of the Monte Carlo region with its famous roulette on the state map, as well as a sharp influx of “thick wallets” who were eager to be the first to update the tables of the gambling establishment.

By the beginning of the 20th century, Monaco had become quite “promoted” financially, but it did not stop stirring up interest in itself. So in the “Roaring Twenties” a new lure was invented for the foreign elite - Grand Prix racing. The bet on the passion of millionaires for extreme sports turned out to be correct, and the golden stream flowing into the principality turned into a real money waterfall, providing for the Grimaldi family for several generations to come. The year 1956, when the ruler of Monaco, Rainier III, married Hollywood film star Grace Kelly, created no less a stir in the history of the country - the wedding and the subsequent (according to rumors, not very happy) family life of the couple were followed with bated breath by the media around the world.

Best time to travel

Monaco is quintessentially Mediterranean, where the seasons are not accompanied by extreme temperature changes. Accordingly, you can meet vacationers imposingly strolling along the city streets and squandering money in the Monte Carlo casino here all year round. A special influx of tourists is observed from May to October. Firstly, because this is the best time to swim and get a glamorous tan. And secondly, because it is during this time period that various celebrations and social events take place in the principality, starting with the Monaco Grand Prix and ending with the fireworks festival. The high season also has one significant downside - hotels are filled to capacity, so if you dream of relaxing on the beach with the European elite, get ready to book accommodation at the end of winter.

Early autumn in Monaco is a time of slight decline in tourist flow. The water in the sea slowly cools down and becomes pleasantly invigorating, and the sun gives an elegant golden tan without burning the skin, as sometimes happens in the summer. In addition, September in the principality is the time of the famous Monaco Yacht Show, where oligarchs compete with gigantic yachts, and mere mortals enthusiastically look at this vanity fair.

In November, the swimming season in the country is declared closed, and dreary rains come to the Ligurian coast. The main significant event of this month is November 19 - National Day of Monaco. So if you want to see Albert II and Princess Charlene with your own eyes, try to attend this event, which begins with a festive mass in the cathedral and ends with an opera performance in Monte Carlo (entrance only for members of the princely family and their entourage). In general, late autumn in this “golden corner” is the best time to have a good time in nightclubs and lose everything to the bone in the casino. It's a bit boring and damp outside, but inside the bars and gambling houses it's cozy and fun. True, only if you have a solid cash reserve.

The closer the Mediterranean winter comes, with its cloudiness, above-zero temperatures and boring rains, the cheaper housing and restaurant menus become in Monaco. Of course, you won’t be able to hang out in the principality for just pennies, but if you arrive at the resort in January-February, you can count on nice discounts. In addition, winter always means huge sales and the International Circus Festival.

Important: the most expensive winter month in Monaco is December. Catholic Christmas is approaching, which, on the one hand, attracts tourists to the principality, and on the other, allows hoteliers and restaurateurs to raise prices for their services.

Spring in Monaco is very picturesque and ideal for excursions. Unfortunately, you won’t be able to fully swim at this time, although in May you can already try to take a dip at the shore. But getting the necessary portion of ultraviolet radiation, starting in April, is quite possible. The Mediterranean spring is also rich in festive events, the most noisy of which are the Spring Arts Festival and the Comedy Film Festival. So if you love film premieres and dream of getting a selfie with Emir Kusturica and the like, check out the Principality in the spring.

Attractions and entertainment

Tiny but charming Monaco is a motley mix of architectural monuments and pretentious places of entertainment, where it is so nice to feel like “you belong”, throwing crispy banknotes left and right. Usually people go to the principality not for specific attractions, but to touch the legend of the Cote d'Azur and the replicated “Dolce Vita” atmosphere, which is available here not only to a handful of millionaires, but also to any buyer of a tour. Still, Monaco has a lot to show a visiting guest, so try to use the breaks between roulette and hanging out at beach clubs as rationally as possible and walk (or ride) around the country’s iconic places.

According to tradition, the most spectacular buildings are grouped within the state capital - Monaco-Ville, also known as the Old Town. The pompous area occupied the rocky part of Cape Saint-Antoine and practically soared above the surface of the sea, which gave its appearance even more fabulous flavor. In Monaco-Ville, you should first of all look at the Cathedral of St. Nicholas, the Chapel of Divine Mercy, whose altar is littered with precious donations from pilgrims, and the Prince's Palace, where the descendants of the cunning Grimaldi have lived for 700 years. A small clarification: everyone is allowed into the residence, but you can only see the southern wing of the castle and the state apartments from the inside. Another must-see of Monaco-Ville is the botanical garden, which is called the Exotic Garden. Even if you are not a big fan of neat rose gardens and gigantic cacti, try to stay here at least for a short time - there are not many green squares and recreational areas in the principality where you can hide from the heat.

Be sure to take a walk in the area of Palace Square to watch the marching guard of honor - a hypnotic sight that you will want to watch again and again. And then go around all the museums of the Old Town - the Wax Museum of the Rulers of Monaco (there is also a figure of the brilliant Grace Kelly), the Museum of Old Monaco, the Oceanographic Museum and the Napoleon Museum (the very southern wing of the royal palace).

- an attraction more recent than the princely nest of Monaco-Ville. Built in the 70s on territory reclaimed from the sea, this part of the principality is considered its industrial center, but this does not make it any less interesting. Tourists are usually attracted to Fontvieille by two objects: the Museum of Vintage Cars, where the bulk of the exhibits (and there are more than a hundred of them) belonged to Prince Rainier III, as well as the Louis II football stadium. In addition, next to the area there are the famous Grimaldi rocks, which in Monaco are always full of people who want to conquer them.

The best place to chase tycoons and movie stars with your camera is in the La Condamine area. Firstly, because here is the main marina of the principality, where the most expensive yachts are moored (Port Hercules). And secondly, because it is the business center of the country, where businessmen from all over the world flock to invest their own money. In terms of the excursion and observation program, the area is also not an outsider. The Church of Sainte Devote, the Princess Antoinette park, the Rainier III outdoor swimming pool in the port, which in winter turns into a huge ice skating rink - these and other attractions belong exclusively to the territory of La Condamine.

The most famous area of the country, surpassing even the pretentious Monaco-Ville in popularity, is certainly Monte Carlo. The old-world mecca of gambling, where losses are usually greeted without drama and with champagne, and where winnings are enjoyed with maximum restraint, has an incredible magnetism that is impossible to resist. By the way, subjects of the principality, including representatives of the Grimaldi family, are prohibited by law from playing roulette, but guests from other countries of the world are always given the green light.

The most popular items in resort stores, in addition to fashionable outfits and niche perfumes, are a variety of antiques and everything related to racing. Casino paraphernalia is also common - souvenir playing cards, chips and other small things reminiscent of an inglorious loss or a royal win.

The maximum concentration of boutiques and fashion stores is located in the area of the Golden Circle complex. The giant trading platform is located between the Monte Carlo Casino, the Alley Lumiere and the Rue des Beaux-Arts. Usually people come here to enjoy new items from the latest collections of Parisian and Milanese couturiers, as well as to look at the windows of souvenir shops and antique boutiques. The main competitor of the Golden Circle is the Metropol shopping center. In addition to dresses from Kenzo and shirts from Hugo Boss, you can buy electronics and selective perfumes here.

Prada

For jewelry, designer furniture and new gadgets, it is better to look into the Fontvieille district, in the shopping center of the same name. You can also waste money in the block between Princess Grace Street and Mill Boulevard. If you previously thought that everything in Monaco was expensive, then after visiting this area the rest of the country’s stores will seem like discounters. The situation is much the same in the Old Town. There are countless souvenir shops near the princely residence, but the prices for all small things are cosmic.

Princess Charlotte Boulevard and the Street of Fine Arts are the realm of antique shops. This is where representatives of the Grimaldi family shop when the desire to acquire another expensive trinket comes to them. For delicious gifts from the Cote d'Azur, you need to go to the market of the La Condamine district (landmark - Place d'Armes). I can’t say that the prices there are pleasing, but the quality of the delicacies is excellent.

Large shopping malls in Monaco are open from 10:00 to 19:00 with a traditional siesta break, which lasts from 12:00 to 15:00. The opening hours of small private stores are even shorter: from 9:00 to 17:00 plus a lunch break lasting a couple of hours. The La Condamine market opens its stalls at 06:00 and closes at 12:00.

Communication and Internet

It’s paradoxical, but true: in one of the richest countries, free Internet is not wasted. Wi-Fi in Monaco is found mostly in hotels, cafes and beach clubs, and to use it, you will first have to become a client of the establishment. If there is no desire to enrich enterprising hoteliers and restaurateurs, it is better to purchase an Internet package from mobile operators.

By the way, about cellular communications. The pleasure is quite expensive, so experienced travel bloggers recommend using payphones installed near top attractions. Calling cards can be purchased at grocery store checkout counters or news kiosks. If you absolutely can’t live without mobile communications, then keep in mind that in Monaco it is provided by the same operators as in France. Accordingly, upon arrival in Nice or Paris, feel free to buy an SFR, Orange Fance or Bouygues Telecom SIM card - they will also be valid in the domain of Albert II.

An alternative to French operators is the tariff plans of Monaco Telecom. There is a small saving in terms of money, although there are more problems with finding and registering a prepaid package. For this reason, most travelers, when going to the principality, prefer to remain faithful to domestic operators, connecting to profitable roaming options.

Money

Cash transactions in Monaco are carried out in euros. There are no problems with paying by credit cards or withdrawing funds. The first ones are accepted everywhere, and ATMs are found at every step. Exchangers are easy to find in hotels and at the train station, or you can contact similar points at Nice airport. Banks offer the most favorable exchange rates. In Monaco they are open from Monday to Friday, from 9:00 to 16:30, including lunch break. If your visit to the principality falls on the weekend, the bank next door to the Monte Carlo casino, which is open daily from 12:00 to 23:00, will help out.

Tips in Monaco are included in the bill and amount to 15%. If such a line is not found in the check, you will have to issue a reward for the service yourself. Restaurant staff expects from you at least 10%, and better yet 15% of the amount left in the establishment. Taxi drivers have approximately the same expectations. Most hotels' maids and porters cost just a couple of euros.

VAT in Monaco is 18.6%, which can be refunded if you purchase one or more goods worth 185 EUR or more. Mandatory rule: purchases must be made in a store that supports the Global Blue system, and the buyer must fill out a receipt, usually issued at the point of sale and presented when going through customs at the airport. You can get your money back at Global Blue refund points, the closest of which are in Cannes and Nice. An important point: you can use the Tax free system only if you spend no more than 1000 EUR per day in Monaco.

Safety

Prince Rainier III once said that security in Monaco should be absolute. Since then, local law enforcement agencies have been strenuously striving to meet the high bar set by the head of state. Well, to be more precise, Monaco is one of the few countries in the world where you can safely walk around in a necklace for the price of an airplane and not be afraid of being robbed. Of course, even here it was not possible to completely get rid of the individuals lying in wait for other people’s smartphones and wallets, but every year it becomes more and more difficult for local thieves to “process” tourists. The reason for this is the operational work of law enforcement officers, who in Monaco are endowed with broad powers, video surveillance cameras hung on almost every pole, and strict sentences for even minor violations of public peace. By the way, you shouldn’t be afraid of reckless drivers on the roads either. Despite the fact that Monaco is the permanent residence of Formula 1, traffic rules are strictly observed here. Firstly, because Monegasques do not need problems with the law. And secondly, because the fines for speeding here, even by the standards of the Cote d'Azur, are fantastic.

Transport

Monaco is easy to get around on foot, but sometimes, due to the steep descents and ascents, you want to rest your legs and ride something. In such cases, buses running between regions of the principality will help. They run daily on six routes from 7:00 to 21:00 with an interval of 10 minutes (on weekends a little less often). You can purchase a ticket from the bus driver or at the office of the transport company CAM. The cost of one trip is 2 EUR, a pass for 6 trips is 11 EUR, a daily pass is 5.50 EUR.

You can take a tour of the most attractive locations of the principality on Hop-on hop-off tourist buses. For 23 EUR, you can ride them around the country's iconic sights throughout the day, getting off and getting back on at any stop. Tickets can be purchased from the driver.

A rather unusual type of public transport, common in Monaco, is lifts, with the help of which it becomes much easier to “storm” the cliff of Monaco-Ville. There are a total of 28 elevator shafts in the country, providing tourists with easy and quick access to the most interesting areas and beaches of the principality. You can see the location of the lifts and their movement patterns on the website citymapper.com. If for some reason the elevators don’t work out, use the free escalators. There are 7 of them in Monaco.

Helpful information: An autonomous electric shuttle is being tested in Monaco. The snow-white trailer with 15 passenger seats is equipped with air conditioning and travels between the Ministry building and the Oceanographic Museum, making stops at Palace Square and near the Cathedral. You can ride it absolutely free from July 3 to September 8, 2019.

If you want a romantic walk around Monaco, take a sightseeing train that departs from the Oceanographic Museum and covers all the sights in half an hour (runs from February to November). Panoramic roofs of the carriages and an audio guide in Russian will make the trip unforgettable. You can get no less impressions from an excursion on a sea bus, the parking lot of which is located in the Hercule port. The cost of a mini-cruise is equal to a standard trip on a city bus.

If you need more freedom of movement, but don’t want to exert yourself physically, take a look at stations with MonaBike electric bicycles, of which there are as many as 35 in the principality. The first half hour you can ride for free, and if you ride at least one minute less than an hour, you will pay 1 EUR for the operation of the vehicle. Monaco also has its own taxi services, whose cars should be looked for at iconic attractions, as well as in the train station area.

Rent a Car

You can rent a car in Monaco at most hotels. The second option is to go through online booking sites and choose a vehicle according to your own taste. As for prices, trying on the role of a billionaire in a sports car will cost 1500-2000 EUR per day, and the refundable deposit will be 15,000 EUR. Simpler options like the Audi A6 cost 100-110 EUR per day with a deposit of 4000 EUR. Well, in search of even greater cheapness, it is better to go to international rental companies like Sixt, where they offer to rent a modest Peugeot 208 for three days for 190 EUR.

And a little about the disadvantages that accompany driving around the principality. Firstly, this is the strictest speed limit and oligarchic fines for violating it. So, of course, it is possible to repeat the route of Formula 1 racers here, but you won’t be able to feel like the second Fernando Alonso, since the average permitted speed within Monaco is 50 km/h and much less often – 80 km/h. Secondly, the local terrain is not conducive to road travel, and the abundance of pedestrian areas where traffic is prohibited is completely depressing. You can’t get into Monaco-Ville with a rented car, which is only accessible by cars with local license plates.

The parking situation is also difficult. It will take a long time to find a place where you can leave your car without the risk of running into a fine, so it’s easier to go to underground parking. If you manage to find a free parking lot, pay attention to the road markings. Only the options outlined with a white line will be truly free. Blue means you have to pay for a space, yellow means parking is prohibited. The city plan, which you can download, will help clarify the parking situation a little.

Customs and visa information

To travel to Monaco, you will have to acquire a Schengen card and insurance covering the provision of medical services in the amount of 30,000 EUR. To apply for a visa, you need to contact French visa centers or the Consulate General of the French Republic - there is no diplomatic representation of the principality in Russia yet. The list of documents for obtaining Schengen is standard. The only point is that in Monaco they are extremely sensitive to everything related to money, and especially to the financial viability of tourists. So get ready to provide the visa center with income certificates, bank account statements, information about currency purchases and other evidence that you are a respectable person and not some kind of backpacker.

As for the import and export of currency, no restrictions are imposed on this item. Well, since the majority of Monaco’s guests are not poor people, only amounts from 10,000 EUR are required to be declared at customs. The following are not subject to import duty: tobacco – in the amount of 250 g; cigarettes – no more than 200 pcs.; cigars – up to 50 pcs. A liter of strong alcohol and a couple of liters of wine can also be transported freely.

Representatives of the fair half who go to Monaco to “walk” jewelry should know that the total weight of jewelry should not exceed 500 g. Otherwise, the “excess” will have to be declared. Medicines are also allowed to be imported, but most of them will require a doctor’s prescription certified by a notary.

Products prohibited for import/export are narcotic substances, weapons, endangered species of plants and animals, pornographic materials, as well as meat products from African countries.

Train Nice – Monaco

An alternative to rail transport is buses No. 100 and 101. In Nice, they leave from Le Port station and go straight to Monaco. For those landing in the main city of the Provençal Alps on Thursday, Friday or Saturday evening, we recommend the night bus service Noctambus 100. You can board it directly at the airport. Well, the most comfortable option is a taxi. It is better to book a transfer in advance, having agreed in advance on the number of seats and additional options such as a child seat and other attributes of a safe trip.

A holiday in the principality can also be combined with a tour of the French capital, so if you find yourself in Paris, but really want to go to Monaco, take a look at the SNCF railway website. Booking a high-speed train ticket to Nice is as easy as pie. Well, then - the already familiar route by buses and trains.

Tourists vacationing on the Ligurian coast of Italy (the cities of San Remo, Savona, Genoa), but eager to spend money at the Monte Carlo casino, are recommended to use Trenitalia trains. You will have to get off at the Italian-French border, where you can immediately change to any SNCF train heading towards Nice or Cannes - they all stop in Monaco.

(French Principauté de Monaco) is a dwarf state located in southern Europe on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea; on land it borders with France. It is one of the smallest and most densely populated countries in the world. It will take the average person just 56 minutes to walk across the country. The name of the country comes from the ancient Greek “monoikos” - “hermit”. The Principality is widely known for its casino in Monte Carlo and the stage of the Formula 1 championship, the Monaco Grand Prix, held here.

The country is a member of such international organizations as: UN (since 1993), OSCE, Council of Europe (since 2004), Interpol, UNESCO, WHO. The main office of the International Hydrographic Organization is located in Monaco. Monaco has 10 diplomatic missions in Western Europe and permanent representatives to the UN and the Council of Europe. Monaco has honorary consulates in 106 cities in 45 countries. 66 countries have consulates general, consulates or honorary consulates in Monaco

Story

The history of modern Monaco begins in 1215 with the founding of a colony of the Genoese Republic on the territory of the principality and the construction of a fortress.

On January 8, 1267, during the civil war in Genoa, Monaco was occupied by Francois Grimaldi and his supporters. This date is considered to be the beginning of the reign of the Grimaldi dynasty and the existence of the independent state of Monaco. Since then, for more than 700 years, the principality has been ruled by representatives of this family.

In 1789 the country was annexed by France.

The Treaty of Paris (first) on May 30, 1814 restored the principality within the borders that existed before January 1, 1792, under a French protectorate.

After the final collapse of the Empire, according to the Treaty of Paris (second) on November 20, 1815, Monaco was transferred to the protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

In March 1860, in gratitude for the military assistance provided by the French Emperor Napoleon III to the unification of Italy, the Kingdom of Sardinia ceded Savoy and the County of Nice, including Menton and Roquebrune, to France. On July 18, 1860, Sardinia withdrew its troops from Monaco, thereby ending the protectorate.

In 1865, a casino was opened in Monte Carlo and a customs union was created with France, which significantly boosted the country's economic development.

The first constitution limiting the power of princes was introduced in 1911.

In 1993, Monaco became a full member of the UN.

Widespread interest in Monaco was aroused by the wedding in 1956 of the then ruler Prince Rainier III (acceded to the throne in 1949) with Hollywood actress Grace Kelly. Rainier also launched active construction in Monaco.

On 31 March 2005, Prince Rainier III, being too ill to exercise his powers, transferred them to his only son and heir, Prince Albert. Rainier died on April 6, 2005.

Currently, the son of Rainier III, Prince Albert II, rules after the death of his father in 2005.

State structure

According to the form of government, Monaco is a constitutional monarchy, with some secondary signs of dualism. The head of state is the prince.

The country's government is regulated by the constitution, which came into force on December 17, 1962. The Constitution, in particular, although it proclaims the principle of separation of powers, the power of the prince is absolute (cannot be limited by anything or anyone). In 2002, the constitution of the principality was revised. Officially, the powers of the legislative body (National Council) were somewhat expanded.

Legislative power is divided between the prince and the unicameral National Council (parliament) of 24 members, elected every 5 years on the basis of universal suffrage. In 2002, parliament received the right of legislative initiative (previously it belonged only to the prince). The Council can make amendments to government projects, approves the imposition of taxes. It also ratifies international treaties that change existing domestic legislation.

The judicial branch of government is also headed by the prince; various courts administer justice on his behalf.

Main political organizations: Union for the Principality, National Union for the Future of Monaco, Union for the Development of Monegasque Society, National Democratic Union. The Monaco Trade Union Association has about 5 thousand members.

Geographical position

Monaco is located in southern Europe on the Mediterranean coast near the French Cote d'Azur, 20 km northeast of Nice. On land, the principality borders on France, the Alpes-Maritimes department.

The country's area is 2.02 km² (which is almost half the size of Central Park in New York). The length of the coastline is 4.1 km, the length of land borders is 4.4 km. Over the past 20 years, the country's territory has increased by almost 40 hectares due to the drainage of marine areas.

Administrative divisions of Monaco

Administratively, the principality is divided into 3 communes (quartiers), which in turn are divided into 10 districts (wards). The division of the Principality into three communes was legalized by the Constitution of Monaco of 1911. Based on the amendment to the Constitution of Monaco of 1917, the Principality consists of only one single and indivisible commune, which in turn consists of 10 districts.

Population

As of 2006, the population of Monaco is 35,656 people. The population density is 18,285 people/km². Such a high population density is due to the fact that Monaco is a dwarf state. The annual population growth is 0.386% per year (2007 data). Average life expectancy according to 2008 data is 79.96 years. Women predominate slightly among the population. The ratio of the number of men to the number of women is 0.91 (according to 2004 data). 62% of the population is considered to be of working age. The literacy rate is 99%. National composition:
French - 47%
Monegasques - 16%
Italians - 16%
others - 21%. This large category includes representatives of 125 nationalities.

Religion

The official religion is Catholicism. However, Monaco's constitution guarantees freedom of religion. Monaco has 5 Catholic parish churches and one cathedral, which houses the see of the Archbishop of Monaco. The diocese, which had existed since the mid-nineteenth century, was converted into an archbishop's diocese in 1981.
Anglicanism

Monaco has one Anglican church (St. Paul's Church), located in Monte Carlo. In 2007, there were 135 parishioners who were citizens of Monaco. However, the church serves a larger number of parishioners, mainly tourists. The church also has a library with more than 3,000 books in English.

The Cultural Israeli Organization of Monaco (founded 1948) includes a synagogue, a Jewish school and a kosher grocery store located in Monte Carlo. The community (about 1,500 members) is mainly composed of Jews of retirement age from Britain (40%) and North America.

Economy

Advantages: Promised banking secrecy and low taxes attract billions of dollars from abroad. At the end of the 90s. the volume of funds stored in Monegasque banks had an annual increase of 18%. There is no external debt, foreign exchange reserves are about $ 2 billion. Low unemployment (3%).

Weaknesses: in accordance with the agreement with France, since 1994, suspicious accounts have been disclosed by banks, as has become the case in all other countries. Dependence on economic fluctuations in France and Italy. VAT generates 55% of government revenue. EU requirement to tighten banking and tax legislation. Lack of resources, complete dependence on imports.

The Principality is widely known as a tourist destination thanks to its casino and excellent climate: 300 days of sunshine a year. However, modern Monaco is characterized by a well-developed and diversified economy in which tourism plays an important but not dominant role.

The principality's GDP is estimated at 870 million US dollars (1999). The main sectors of the economy are tourism, construction, pharmaceutical, chemical and electronic industries, banking and financial sectors. The annual turnover of companies registered in the country exceeds 9 billion euros.

The unemployment rate is very low. The total number of jobs - 45,000 - exceeds the number of people in the country. A significant part of those working in Monaco are foreigners.

The Principality has a very liberal taxation system. The income of individuals (both citizens of the country and foreigners permanently residing in Monaco, with the exception of the French) is not subject to taxes.

The Principality has close economic ties with France. The two countries have common customs and financial systems. Monaco depends on imports of French electricity.

Until 2002, Monaco minted its own national currency, the Monegasque franc, however, on January 1, 2002, a new currency was introduced into circulation in Monaco - the euro. The country received the right to mint its own euro coins with a national design on one side of the coin.

Legal system

The legal system of Monaco belongs to the Romano-Germanic legal family and has significant similarities with French law. In a number of areas (insurance, telecommunications, postal services, etc.), French laws directly apply.

The Constitution of Monaco (Article 2) assigns to the Principality the status of a rule-of-law state based on respect for fundamental human rights and freedoms.

The main source of civil law is the Civil Code of 1881, which is a version of the French Civil Code of 1804. The Commercial Code of Monaco is also very close to its French counterpart.

Monaco's economic legislation is aimed at attracting foreign capital to the country by providing an extremely preferential tax regime. There are about 800 international companies and 50 banks operating in the country.

Monaco's labor law generally complies with international standards. Workers are free to organize into trade unions. The Constitution provides for the right to strike in accordance with the law. The law prohibits government employees from striking. The statutory working week is 39 hours.

The main source of criminal law is the Criminal Code of Monaco. The death penalty for all crimes was abolished by the 1962 Constitution (Article 20). The last death penalty took place in 1847.

In legal proceedings, with some exceptions, French law also prevails. According to the Constitution (Article 19), arrest (except for arrest at the scene of a crime) is permitted only on the basis of a court warrant issued no later than 24 hours from the moment of arrest.

Transport

Monaco is connected to the outside world through rail, road, sea and air transport.

The length of the railway network is 1.7 km. The gauge is 1.435 m. The railways are operated by the French national railway company SNCF. The Principality is connected to France both by regional routes and by high-speed TGV trains.

The total length of motorways is 50 km (All roads are paved) There are 6 bus routes in the country, as well as a bus service to Nice Airport. There are a total of 143 bus stops throughout Monaco.

The city has two seaports: in the La Condamine and Fontvieille areas.

The Principality is connected by helicopter to Nice Airport.

Climate

The climate of Monaco is subtropical, Mediterranean, with hot, dry summers (average temperatures 28-30 degrees) and mild, rainy winters (average temperatures 10-12 degrees. The majority of precipitation falls in autumn and winter. In general terms, the climate is similar to the southern coast of France.

Sport

Every year since 1929, Monaco has hosted one of the most prestigious competitions in motorsport - the Monaco Grand Prix, which has been part of the Formula 1 World Championship since 1950. The route runs along the city streets. The Auto Club de Monaco also hosts the Monaco Rally, which is part of the calendar of leading rally championships. However, the rally itself is held mostly in France, and only maintenance and exhibition special stages are held in the principality itself.

Also based in Monaco is the football club of the same name (FC Monaco), which plays in the French football championship. The club plays at the Stade Louis II in the Fontvieille area. At the same time, the Monaco Football Federation is not recognized by FIFA, and the club plays for France in the international arena. At the same time, Monaco is a member of the NF-Board, which organizes matches of unrecognized football teams.

Monaco hosts one of the stages of the Global Champions Tour (an international show jumping tournament). This stage is recognized as the most prestigious of the series, hosting the most famous riders from around the world. In 2009, the stage in Monaco took place on June 25-27.

In July 2009, the opening of the Tour de France cycling race took place in Monaco. On July 2, the opening of the Tour de France took place in the La Condamine area. On July 4, the first stage of the cycling race took place on the territory of the principality, cyclists rode 15 km along city streets, and on July 5, the second stage of the Tour de France began in Monaco.

In Monaco, the Stade Louis II traditionally hosts matches for the UEFA Super Cup in August of each year, in which the winner of the UEFA Champions League meets the winner of the UEFA Cup.

Culture

Monaco is a significant cultural center. Built in 1879 by the architect Charles Garnier (author of the Paris Opera), the Salle Garnier building is home to the Monte Carlo Philharmonic Orchestra and the Monte Carlo Opera.

The following people sang on this stage over the years: Nellie Melba, Enrico Caruso, Fyodor Chaliapin, Placido Domingo, Luciano Pavarotti. In 1911, the Russian Diaghilev Ballet was founded here by Sergei Pavlovich Diaghilev under the patronage of Prince Pierre of Monaco. Anna Pavlova, Vaslav Nijinsky, Tamara Karsavina, George Balanchine, Serge Lifar danced here. Later - Rudolf Nureyev, Mikhail Baryshnikov.

Monaco - capital and residence of the Prince of Monaco

The Academy of Classical Dance named after Princess Grace, headed by Marika Bezobrazova, was created in Monte Carlo. The Prince Pierre Foundation, founded by Rainier III in honor of his father, annually awards the Grand Literary Prize, the Prince Rainier III Music Prize and the International Prize for Contemporary Art.

The city is home to the famous Oceanographic Museum of Monaco, whose director was the legendary explorer Jacques-Yves Cousteau.

Every year Monaco hosts the International Circus Festival and the International Television Festival.

The Russian artist Georgy Shishkin works and exhibits in Monaco (Christie’s, 1999, Grimaldi Forum, 2006) - the author of paintings dedicated to Russia, “Russian Dreams”. Invited to the Palace to paint a portrait of the Prince of Monaco (1998), he created a number of Monaco postage stamps: “Salle Garnier”, “Monte Carlo Philharmonic Orchestra”, “Boris Pasternak”, “Portrait of Prince Albert II”, “Centenary of the Diaghilev Russian Ballet”.

Education

Primary and secondary education

Monaco has 10 public schools, including 7 kindergartens and primary schools and one secondary school (College Charles III), one lyceum that provides general and technical education (Lycée Albert I) and one lyceum that provides education in the tourism sector. Also in Monaco there are two private schools funded by religious communities (Institut François d'Assis Nicolas Barré and the Dominican School) and one international school (International School of Monaco)

Higher education

There is only one higher education institution in Monaco - the International Institute of Monaco.

Foreign relations of Monaco

Monaco and France have a very unique relationship. The French constitution states that this country does not recognize the independence of Monaco, but the independence of the Grimaldi dynasty. Thus, Monaco will be immediately occupied by France if the Grimaldi family is suppressed. Already, French troops may be stationed on the territory of Monaco. Monaco's sovereignty is guaranteed by numerous conventions with France. According to the agreement of 1918, 2 out of 4 seats in the Government Council, including the post of Minister of State, are occupied by representatives of France.

Armed forces

There are 82 people under arms. Monaco is apparently the only state in the world where the size of the regular army is smaller than the size of the military band (85 people). Sometimes there is work for the army:

" - This happened in 1962, - ... - The fate of Monaco hung in the balance. French President General de Gaulle threatened the principality to cut off electricity and water supplies if it did not stop luring bankers to itself and did not introduce an income tax. 80 guards of the Royal Palace and 207 The Monaco police were alerted. Fortunately, there was no war. The prince made concessions..."

Skillful diplomacy and fine maneuvering between the interests of large countries and great powers have allowed such miniature states as the Vatican, Luxembourg, San Marino, Andorra, Monaco and Liechtenstein to survive to this day. The principality has the same name as the historical capital - Monaco. It should be noted that this state is the only one in the whole world where the number of military personnel - 82 people, is less than the number of musicians in the military orchestra, of which there are 85!

A short excursion into history

Already in the Stone Age, the first people settled the territory of the modern Monegasque coast, but the warlike Ligurian tribe destroyed it around the 2nd century BC. e. their culture. Since the 10th century BC. e. Phoenicians and Greeks lived here, and then the Romans. During the heyday of the Roman Empire, Monaco was part of it, being part of the province of the Alpes-Maritimes. A fierce struggle between the Ghibellines - supporters of the German rulers, and the Guelphs - adherents of the power of the popes, was waged for the principality in the Middle Ages.

The history of Monaco, associated with the Grimaldi dynasty, began in January 1279, when the city was captured by the Genoese Guelphs under the leadership of François Grimaldi, nicknamed the Evil One. He received his nickname because, according to legend, he entered the fortress dressed in the clothes of a Franciscan monk and managed to open the gate to let his comrades in. In memory of such an event, two Franciscan monks with drawn swords appear as shield holders on the coat of arms of the principality.

For centuries, Monaco was under the protectorate of Spain, France and the Italian principalities. The principality became a sovereign state only in 1861 as a result of an agreement between Napoleon III and the Monegasque ruler Charles III, losing most of its territory.

The economic recovery in Monaco begins after the casinos were opened at the end of the 19th century. The tourism and resort industries are beginning to actively develop. The wonderful climate, European service, and fashionable atmosphere of this resort attract wealthy tourists from all over the world to the principality. A soft tax policy and a high level of security attract many entrepreneurs to this country, and in recent years Monaco has been successfully developing high-tech industries and the tourism and service sectors.

Where is it located?

This small principality is very conveniently located in subtropical latitudes under the protection of the Maritime Alps, which fence it off from the cold northern winds, on the Mediterranean coast. This sovereign city-state borders on three sides with France, and on its fourth border with the Mediterranean Sea. The Principality is located on the hills of the Cote d'Azur. Monaco has a total area of 2.02 km2 and is home to approximately 37,000 people, making it the most populous city in the world.

Political system

State power in the country is divided between the ruling head of state and parliament, and executive power is vested in the head of the Government Council, the state minister. The legislative branch of government is represented by the National Council. In 2002, a Constitution was adopted, according to which the Kingdom of Monaco is a hereditary and constitutional monarchy, headed by a prince. From 1949 to April 2005, the country was ruled by Rainier III Grimaldi, after whose death his son, Prince Albert II, ascended the throne. His heir is considered to be his son, Jacques Honoré Rainier, born in 2014, but his twin sister Gabriella Teresa Maria is next in line to the throne.

Today the capital of Monaco is Monte Carlo, and before it, until 2007, Monaco-Ville.

City-principality

Modern Monaco is a city-state formed by the merger of several previously separate settlements. The entire principality is divided into four districts - urban areas:

Monaco-Ville (Monaco-Ville) - historical center;
Monte-Carlo (Monte Carlo) is the official capital of Monaco;
La Condamin (La Condamine) - the banking and office center of the country;
Fontvieille (Fonvieille) is a new industrial area.

Let's get to know them better.

Resort and port area, the historical center of the principality and the “family nest” of the ruling Grimaldi dynasty. Monaco-Ville, also called La Roche by locals (roche means “the rock” in French), is picturesquely located on a flat platform of a 60-meter cliff. It is here that the Princely Palace (Palais de Monaco) is located, which was originally built as a castle in the 13th century. Only at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th century, under Prince Honore II, this defensive structure began to turn into a palace. All military equipment and battlements were preserved, but the interior chambers were made more comfortable for living. Subsequently, the Grimaldi princes rebuilt and modernized their residence. The castle-palace acquired its current appearance in the 19th century. In addition to the personal chambers of the princely family, in the southern wing of the residence there is a historical archive, which contains not only historical documents, but also collections of coins and stamps that have been issued by the state of Monaco since 1640. Nearby are the Napoleon Museum and a library. The palace itself is surrounded by a beautiful park with fountains, and not far from it there is an observation deck from which the surrounding area and the sea are perfectly visible. In front of the Palais de Monaco is the main square of Monaco - the Palace Square, which attracts many tourists and travelers who want to see the daily changing of the guard of the princely guards, a colorful and unforgettable spectacle.

Historical heritage

In the northeast of the rock is the Fort Antoine fortress, which today houses an open-air theater. The southern slope of the Monaco cliff is a zoological garden containing representatives of African and tropical fauna.

Not far from the Prince's Palace there are several museums whose themes are related to the history of Monaco. The capital country has a rich history and many rare exhibits, which can be seen at the Wax Museum or the Musée du Vieux Monaco (Museum of Old Monaco). In the Monaco-Ville area there is an active Cathedral, which is the tomb of all the princes and members of their family. It is here that Grace Kelly, the wife of Prince Rainier III and the mother of today's reigning Albert II, a popular Hollywood actress, rests.

Monte Carlo

“Mount Charles” is the name of the most fashionable and expensive district of Monaco, named after Prince Charles III Grimaldi. It was his decision to open a large casino and the permit for its construction, issued by Francois Blanc, that saved the country's economy and led to the fact that the city of Monaco became the world capital of excitement and luxury.

This most important district of the principality is located just 18 km from Nice airport and borders on the south with La Condamine, and on the north with the French town of Tenao. Since 2007, the capital of Monaco is located in Monte Carlo. However, in addition to its metropolitan status, this region is known throughout the world as the most expensive, sophisticated and prestigious resort in the world. It gained such fame thanks to its casinos, beautiful beaches, the Monte Carlo Rally and the Grand Prix circuit in Formula 1 car racing.

The most important building here is the casino, the first building of which was opened in 1862. After the fire, all that remained was the gaming room, which, as a result of restoration work, turned into a lobby. The architect of the second building of the Casino was the architect Charles Garnier, the author of the building of the Paris Grand Opera. In 1878, a wonderful complex was built, which in addition to the casino includes a cabaret and an opera house, more often called the Salle Garnier. Sarah Bernhardt herself opened the opera in Monaco in 1897.

The area surrounding the casino is called the “golden mile” not only because of the huge amounts of money left in gambling houses, but also because the boutiques of the world’s most famous and expensive brands, such as Hermes, Dior, Cartier and others, are concentrated here.

La Condamine

This district is located between the cliffs of Monte Carlo and Monaco, in a small bay. La Condamine is the office and business center of the principality, where most of Monaco's population lives. The railway station and the main port of the country, the national library, and a ship repair yard are also located here. In addition, in this area there are flour mills and breweries, clothing and weaving factories, souvenir production and a printing house. The most famous attractions of La Condamine are the Church of Sainte Devote, patroness of Monaco, the pedestrian street Rue Princess Caroline, the Museum of Prehistoric Anthropology, the Market and the Jardin Exotic Park, which contains a collection of more than 7,000 cacti of different species.

Fontvieille

The youngest region is located in the west of the principality, and its entire coastal part is territory reclaimed from the sea, artificially reclaimed. Fontvieille is home to enterprises of the most highly profitable industrial sectors: precision instrumentation and electronic, electrical and chemical; production of faience, majolica and ceramics. It is in this area that a giant sports center with an underground swimming pool was built - the Prince Louis II Stadium.

Another modern attraction of Fontvieille is the large Commercial Center, where you can find everything from a pizzeria to antique cars. It is here that the collection of classic rare cars of the Prince of Monaco is exhibited. Not far from this center is the Maritime Museum, which contains hundreds of models of various ships. Fontvieille's green oasis is a landscaped park where the Princess Grace Rose Garden, founded in 1984 in her memory, has recently been restored and renovated.